During a client's initial session, what should the social worker do when the client expresses intense anger and distress?

When a client expresses intense anger and distress during an initial session, guiding them to breathe through their anger is an effective approach. This method helps the individual gain some control over their emotional state, allowing them to process their feelings in a more constructive manner. Breathing techniques can promote relaxation and reduce physiological arousal, which is crucial in addressing strong emotions such as anger.

This response acknowledges the client's feelings and encourages a coping strategy that empowers them. It respects their autonomy and supports emotional regulation, which is a central tenet of social work practice. By reinforcing the client's ability to manage their emotions, the social worker fosters a therapeutic alliance and opens the door for further exploration of the underlying issues contributing to the distress.

In contrast, other approaches would not be appropriate or effective in this context. Physically restraining a client could escalate the situation and lead to further distress. Calling 911 is not warranted unless there is an immediate risk of harm to the client or others. Informing a spouse about the client's anger may violate confidentiality and trust in the therapeutic relationship, which is foundational for effective social work practice.